Short Answer-Class 10 – Social Science -Geography-Chapter 4 Agriculture

Class-10-Short Answer-Geography-4- Agriculture

Q1.“Dense and efficient network of transport is a prerequisite for local and national development”. Analyse the statement.

Ans :a. The pace of development of country depends upon the production of goods and services as well as their movement over space. Therefore efficient means of transport are pre-requisite for national development.

b. Today, the world has been converted into a large village with the help of efficient an d fast moving transport system.

c. The trades from local to international levels have added to the vitality of our economy with the help of dense and efficient network of transport in the country. It has enriched our life and added substantially to growing amenities and facilities for the comforts of life.

Q2. Describe any three technological and institutional reforms made in the field of agriculture in India.

Ans : a. Land reforms: collectivization, . consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari.

b. Agricultural reforms: Green revolution and White revolution.

c. Land development programmes : Provision for crop in surance against drought, flood, cyclone etc., establishment of Grameen banks, Cooperative societies and banks for providing loans.

d. Issuing of Kissan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, etc.

e. Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers on radio and TV.

Q3. Describe the uses of oilseeds? Which state is the largest producer of groundnut?

Ans : Importance:

a. Are edible and used as cooking medium.

b. Used as raw material in production of soap, cosmetics and ointment.

c. India-largest producer.

Groundnut:

a. Kharif crop.

b. Accounts half of the total oilseed production.

 c. State: Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra.

29.Q4. What are millets? Give brief description of the climatic conditions and producing states of the millets grown in India.

Ans : Millets are coarse grains but have high nutritional value e.g., ragi-rich in iron, calcium.

a. Jowar-Rain fed crops mostly grown in moist area. States producing-Maharashtra, Karnataka and MP.

 b. Bajra-grown well on sandy soils and shallow black soil. States producing- Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana and UP.

c. Ragi-grown well in dry region on red, black, sandy and loamy soils. States producing-Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Sikkim.

Q5. Which crop is known as the ‘golden fibre’? Explain any two geographical conditions essential for the cultivation of this crop. Mention its any four uses.

 Ans : a. Jute is called the golden fibre.

 b. Geographical conditions:

 c. Grows well in drained fertile soil of the flood plains where the soil is renewed every year.

d. High temperature is required during the time of growth. Uses: Can be used to manufacture gunny bags, mats, ropes, yam, carpets and other artefacts.

Q6. Why has the agriculture sector in India got a major setback in spite of increase in the GDP growth rate?

 Ans : a. More and more land is used for construction of factories, warehouses and shelters which reduced the land under cultivation.

b. Soil gets degraded by the use of pesticides, fertilizers, over irrigation, etc., which leads to water logging and salinity.

c. Today Indian farmers are facing a big challenge from international competition.

d. Our government is reducing the public investment in agriculture, subsidy on fertilizers have decreased.

e. Reduction in import duties on agricultural products have proved detrimental to agriculture in the country.

Q7. Define plantation agriculture. Explain any four characteristics of plantation agriculture.

Ans :Plantation Agriculture: It is a type of commercial farming practised in tropical and sub-tropical regions. It was introduced by the British in India. Characteristics:

a. A single crop is grown over large area.

b. It is capital intensive and done with migrant labour.

c. All produce is used as raw material in industries such as tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana, etc.

d. Plantation has interface of agriculture and industry both.

Q8. Wheat and rice farming in India are fairly different from each other. Explain.

Q9. What geographical conditions are required for the cultivation of sugarcane? Name two largest producing states of sugarcane.

 Ans : Geographical conditions required for the growth of sugarcane in India:

a. It is a tropical as well as sub-tropical crop so it requires a hot and humid climate with a temperature of 24°C to 27°C.

b. It requires an annual rainfall between 75 to 100 cm.

c. It can be grown on a variety of soils. d. Major sugarcane producing states of North e. India are : Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana.

Q10. What is intensive subsistence farming? Write three features of intensive farming.

Ans : Intensive subsistence farming is practised in areas of high population pressure on land. In this type of farming, the agricultural production is increased by using high doses of biochemical inputs and better agricultural inputs. Features of intensive farming:

a. High yielding variety (HYV) seeds and modem chemical inputs and irrigation are used to increase the production.

b. The per hectare yield is very high.

c. More than one crop is cultivated during a year.