Short answer – Class 10 – Social Science -Geography-Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Short answer – Class 10 – Social Science -Geography-Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Q1. How has the ever increasing number of industries in India made worse position by exerting pressure on existing fresh water resources? Explain.

Ans : a. Industries apart from being heavy users of water also require power to run them.

b.Today large industrial houses are as common place as the industrial units of many MNCs are exerting pressure on freshwater sources.

c. Industrialisation followed by the urbanisation multiplying the problems of water scarcity and exerting pressure on water sources causing their depletion.

Q2. Suggest any three measures to reduce the industrial pollution of freshwater resources.

Ans : a. Minimising use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages.

b. Harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements.

c. Treatment of hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds.

Q3. Distinguish between an integrated steel plant and a mini steel plants stating three points of distinction.

Ans : a. An integrated steel plant is larger than a mini steel plant.

b. Mini steel plant use steel scrap and sponge iron while Integrated steel plant use basic raw materials i.e. iron ore for making steel.

c. Mini steel plant produces mild and alloy steel while integrated steel plant produces only steel

Q4. Why is cotton textile industry the largest industry in India today? Give any three reasons.

Ans :   a. Cotton textile industry contributes 14 percent of the total industrial production.

b. It provides employment to 35 million persons directly, the second largest after agriculture.

c. It earns foreign exchange of about 24.6 percent (4 percent of GDP)

Q5. What is the meaning of manufacturing industry? Why is it considered the backbone of economic development? Give two reasons.

Ans : Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing. It is considered as backbone of development because:

a. It not only helps in modernising agriculture but also forms the backbone of our economy.

 b. Industrial development is a precondition for eradication of unemployment and poverty from our country.

Q6. What is the importance of the Information Technology sector for the Indian economy? Explain.

 Ans : The importance of IT sector is as follows:

a. It has provided employment to over one million people.

b. This industry is said to be a major foreign exchange earner.

c. It has helped in the growth of the service sector.

d. It provides employment to innumerable men and women.

Q8. Why is iron and steel industry called a basic industry? Explain.

Ans : Iron and steel industry is the basic industry as:

a. All the other industries depend on it for their machinery.

b. Steel is needed to manufacture a variety of engineering goods.

c. It provides variety of consumer goods.

d. Construction material, defence, medical, telephonic, scientific equipment’s, are the gift of iron and steel industry.

Q9. What challenges are faced by the jute textile industries in India? Mention the main objectives of National Jute Policy, 2005.

Ans : Problems faced by jute mills:

a. Stiff competition in international market from countries like Bangladesh, Brazil, Philippines, Egypt, etc.

b. Stiff competition from synthetic fibre

c. Products need to be diversified. In 2005, National Jute Policy was formulated with the objective of increasing productivity, improving quality, ensuring good prices and enhancing the yield per hectare.

Q10. What is the importance of the Information Technology sector for the Indian economy? Explain.

Ans : The importance of IT sector is as follows:

a. It has provided employment to over one million people.

b. This industry is said to be a major foreign exchange earner.

c. It has helped in the growth of the service sector.

d. It provides employment to innumerable men and women.

Q11. Why is India not able to perform to her full potential in iron and steel production? Explain any three reasons.

Ans : India is an important producer of iron and steel but still it has failed to perform to its potential due to following reasons:

a. Shortage of raw material

 b. Lower productivity of labour

c. Shortage of power

d. Poor infrastructure

e. Lower investment in research and

f. Development