Ncert – Class 12-Biology -Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Welcome to your Ncert - Class 12-Biology -Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Instruction

Total Questions : 20

Total Marks : 20 x 4 = 80 Marks

Each Correct Question carries : 4 Marks

Each incorrect Question Carries : -1 Marks

Each Unattempted Question carry : 0 Marks

Be careful On Negative Markings

PCR proceeds in three distinct steps governed by temperature. The order of the steps is

Denaturation, Synthesis, Annealing

Synthesis, Annealing, Denaturation

Denaturation, Annealing, Synthesis

Annealing, Synthesis, Denaturation

None

Which of the following statements does not hold true for restriction enzyme ?

It is an endonuclease

It recognizes a palindromic nucleotide sequence

It is isolated from bacteriophages

It produces the same kind of sticky ends in different DNA molecules

None

Which of the following steps should be performed by a person in order to visualise the bands of DNA fragments obtained from gel electrophoresis?

Exposure of DNA fragments to UV radiations

Staining with bromophenol blue followed by exposure to UV radiations

Staining with ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiations

Person can see the bands without staining4

None

Read the following statements carefully and select the correct option:

(A) Source of the restriction enzyme Hind III is E.coli

(B) In biolistic method of gene transfer, mircoparticles made up of gold or tungsten are coated with foreign DNA

(D) Primers are chemically synthesized oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA in PCR.

How many of the above statement are correct?

None

Polymerase chain reaction involves use of a DNA polymerase enzyme which is a

Modular enzyme

Thermostable

Terminal transferase

Thermolabile

None

The goal of the polymerase chain reaction is to

Create many copies of messenger RNA molecules.

Speed up protein synthesis for the production new drugs.

Create many copies of a DNA molecules which is initially very rare.

Investigate the properties of organisms which normally grow at very high temperatures

None

The process of making temporary/transitory opening in the cell membrane to introduce foreign DNA is ____

Chemical mediated genetic transformation

Particle gun

Microinjection

Electroporation

None

Study the following statements regarding recombinant DNA technology and select the incorrect ones

(i) Taq polymerase extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction

(ii) Antibiotic resistance genes are considered as desirable genes in recombinant DNA technology

(iii) DNA fragments are separated according to their charge only, in agarose gel electrophoresis

(iv) Transformation is a procedure through which a piece of DNA is integrated into the genome of a host bacterium

(v) To produce higher yields of the desired protein, host cells can be multiplied in a continuous culture

(vi) Downstream processing is one of the steps of polymerase chain reaction

(ii), (iii) and (v)

(i), (iii) and (vi)

(i), (iii) and (v)

(i), (iv) and (v)

None

In a polymerase chain reaction after the denaturation step why the mixture needs to cool down to a lower temperature?

To give a halt to the reaction mixture

To permit specific annealing of the primers

To increase the activity of enzyme Taq polymerase

To obtain the multiple copies of the DNA

None

10.

Restriction endonucleases are isolated from some bacteria. Their role in bacteria is

Act as genetic material

Synthesis of proteins

Defence against virus

Help in reproduction

None

11.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used for

Separation of DNA fragments according to their size

In vitro replication of specific DNA sequence using thermostable DNA polymerase

In vitro synthesis of mRNAIn vivo synthesis of mRNA

In vivo replication of specific DNA sequence using thermostable DNA polymerase

None

12.

Which of the following techniques is used to make numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA quickly and accurately?

Ligase chain reaction

Translation

Polymerase chain reaction

Transcription

None

13.

The new strain of bacteria produced by biotechnology in bioremediation is

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Bacillus subtilis

Pseudomonas putida

Escherichia coli

None

14.

After insertion of DNA segment within the sequence of Z-gene of bacteria, they are grown on chromogenic substrate. After the growth of bacterial colonies, they are identified as

i) Recombinants if colonies are blue- coloured.

ii) Recombinants if colonies are white coloured.

iii) Non-recombinants if colonies are blue- coloured.

iv) Non-recombinants if colonies are white coloured.

iii, iv

i, ii

i, iv

ii, iii

None

15.

Some foreign DNA fragment is attached to Cla I site of pBR 322. This recombinant vector is used to transition Escherichia coli. The cells subjected to transformation are plated on two different media, one containing ampicillin and the other containing tetracycline. The transformed cells containing the recombinant vector will

Grow on ampicillin but not on tetracycline containing medium

Grow on both, tetracycline and ampicillin containing media

Grow on tetracycline but not on ampicillin containing medium

Not grow on either tetracycline containing or ampicillin containing media

None

16.

Which of the following steps is/are catalysed by Taq polymerase in a PCR?

Annealing of primers to template DNA

Extension of primer end on template DNA

All of these

Denaturation of template DNA

None

17.

In order to induce the bacterial uptake of plasmids, the bacteria are made competent by treating them with

Sodium chloride

Calcium chloride

Potassium chloride

Magnesium chloride

None

18.

Plants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than are animals because

recombinant genes can be inserted into plant cells by microinjection

more vectors are available for transferring recombinant DNA into plant cells

plant genes do not contain introns

a somatic plant cell can grow into a complete plant

None

19.

DNA polymerase required for synthesizing copies of DNA at high temperature is obtained from

Thermoproteus species

Cephalosporium minimum

Thermus aquaticus

Bacillus megaterium

None

20.

In biotechnology application, a selectable marker is incorporated in a plasmid

To eliminate the non transformants

To increase its copy number

To increase the transformation efficiency

To increase the expression of the gene of interest

None

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