Curriculum

Python Game Development : Build 5 Fun Projects with Pygame

Project 1 : BounceMania: A Pygame Ball Adventure

0/6

Project - 2 - Arcade Shooting Game

0/7

Project 3 : Maze Ball Run

0/6

Project 4 : Catch the same color ball

0/6

Project 5 : 2D ball racing game

0/6

Text lesson

Initial Setup : Project 3 : Maze Ball Run

Let’s go through the code, and explaining the each part:

These lines import the necessary libraries for the game: pygame for game development and random for generating random numbers.

import pygame

import random

Defines constants for screen dimensions, maze size, cell size, wall width, colors for player, end point, background, font, timer background, and common colors.

# Constants

SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT = 800, 600

ROWS, COLS = 30, 40

CELL_SIZE = min(SCREEN_WIDTH // COLS, SCREEN_HEIGHT // ROWS)

WALL_WIDTH = 1

PLAYER_COLOR = (0, 255, 0)

END_COLOR = (255, 255, 0)

BACKGROUND_COLOR = (50, 50, 50)

FONT_COLOR = (255, 255, 255)

TIMER_BG_COLOR = (0, 0, 0) # Colors WHITE = (255, 255, 255) BLACK = (0, 0, 0)

2. MazeGame Class Initialization

Defines the MazeGame class responsible for managing the game.
Initializes Pygame, sets up the game window, clock, font for text rendering, and initializes game state variables.

class MazeGame:

def __init__(self):

pygame.init()

self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))

pygame.display.set_caption(“Maze Game”)

self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()

self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 36)

self.state = “start”

self.maze = None

self.player = None

self.end = None

self.start_time = 0

3. Maze Generation

Defines the generate_maze method within the MazeGame class to create a maze using a recursive backtracking algorithm.

def generate_maze(self):

maze = [[True] * COLS for _ in range(ROWS)] def backtrack(row, col):

directions = [(0, –2), (0, 2), (-2, 0), (2, 0)]

random.shuffle(directions)

for dr, dc in directions:

r, c = row + dr, col + dc

if 0 <= r < ROWS and 0 <= c < COLS and maze[r][c]:

maze[row + dr // 2][col + dc // 2] = False

maze[r][c] = False

backtrack(r, c) maze[0][0] = False

backtrack(0, 0)

return maze

4. Entity Creation and Movement

Defines the create_entity method to create player and end point entities with specified color, position, and scale.

def create_entity(self, color, pos, scale):

entity_rect = pygame.Rect(pos[1] * CELL_SIZE, pos[0] * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE * scale, CELL_SIZE * scale)

return {

‘color’: color,

‘rect’: entity_rect,

‘pos’: pos

}

Defines the move_entity method to move the player entity based on keyboard inputs (arrow keys).

def move_entity(self, entity, direction):

new_pos = (entity[‘pos’][0] + direction[0], entity[‘pos’][1] + direction[1])

new_rect = pygame.Rect(new_pos[1] * CELL_SIZE, new_pos[0] * CELL_SIZE, entity[‘rect’].width, entity[‘rect’].height)

if 0 <= new_pos[0] < ROWS and 0 <= new_pos[1] < COLS and not self.maze[new_pos[0]][new_pos[1]]:

entity[‘pos’] = new_pos

entity[‘rect’] = new_rect